idchkg
An Unflattened Identity and Change Knowledge Graph

caffein chemical

concept · 5 mentions

A chemical substance studied for its physiological effects

Other senses of “caffein”

unspecified alkaloid chemical_compound drug substance

Connections

The concepts, people, and places this entity is most linked to by claims — node size is mention count, colour is type, dashed nodes are other senses of the same word.

caffeincaffein (—)caffein (alkaloid)caffein (chemical_compound)caffein (drug)caffein (substance)toxicity — 3 shared claimscarnivora — 2 shared claimsnitrates — 1 shared claimcumulative effect — 1 shared claimperipheral sympathetic — 1 shared claimbronchiospasm — 1 shared claimkidneys — 1 shared claimheart — 1 shared claimrenal diseases — 1 shared claimarterio-sclerosis — 1 shared claimcardiac affections — 1 shared claimnerve cells — 1 shared claimtoxicitycarnivoranitratescumulative effectperipheral sympathe…bronchiospasmkidneysheartrenal diseasesarterio-sclerosiscardiac affectionsnerve cells
Concept

Defining properties

Perspectives

Claims grouped by the voice that makes them.

Salant

  • caffein aids action of nitrates
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    Caffein aids the action of nitrates, acetanilid, ethyl alcohol and amyl alcohol
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. The exact quote 'Caffein aids the action of nitrates, acetanilid, ethyl alcohol and amyl alcohol' appears verbatim in the first paragraph, confirming that Salant found caffein aids the action of nitrates.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the finding to Salant, the stance appropriately uses 'asserts' for a direct factual statement, sentiment is neutral matching the passage's objective tone, time qualifiers are correctly null as no temporal information is provided, context is empty as appropriate since no specific sense restriction is mentioned, and the quote appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein has greater toxicity by subcutaneous injection than by mouth toxicity ⟨subcutaneous vs oral administration⟩
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    a greater toxicity of about 15 to 20 percent by subcutaneous injection than by mouth
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. Salant's findings explicitly mention 'a greater toxicity of about 15 to 20 percent by subcutaneous injection than by mouth,' which exactly matches the claimed relationship between caffein toxicity via subcutaneous injection versus oral administration.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the finding to Salant (supported by the reference to his study with Reiger). The stance 'asserts' matches the passage's factual presentation. The sentiment is appropriately neutral for a scientific finding. The time qualifiers are correctly null as the passage provides no temporal information. The context appropriately specifies the comparison between subcutaneous and oral administration. The quote is verbatim from the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein has lower toxicity when injected peritoneally toxicity ⟨peritoneal injection⟩
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    but about one-half this when injected peritoneally
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly supported by the passage. Salant's study explicitly states that peritoneal injection toxicity was 'about one-half this' compared to subcutaneous injection, meaning caffein has lower toxicity when injected peritoneally.
    • qualifier_fidelity 0.90 pass — The claim is largely faithful to the passage. The viewpoint (Salant), stance (asserts), sentiment (neutral), time (null), and context (peritoneal injection) are all correct. The quote accurately appears in the passage. However, there is a minor issue with quote completeness: the quoted phrase "but about one-half this when injected peritoneally" is extracted from a longer comparative statement discussing toxicity via different routes. While the quote does support the claim, the full relevant context from the passage is "a greater toxicity of about 15 to 20 percent by subcutaneous injection than by mouth, and but about one-half this when injected peritoneally." The claim could be more precisely framed to reflect that this represents toxicity relative to subcutaneous injection (half of the 15-20% increase), not toxicity in absolute terms. The quote as presented is technically accurate but slightly decontextualized.
  • caffein has greater toxicity intramuscularly than subcutaneously toxicity ⟨intramuscular vs subcutaneous injection⟩
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    Intramuscularly the toxicity is 30 percent greater than subcutaneously
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. The exact quote 'Intramuscularly the toxicity is 30 percent greater than subcutaneously' is present in the text, confirming that caffein has greater toxicity when administered intramuscularly compared to subcutaneously.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint is correctly attributed to Salant, the stance is 'asserts' (appropriate for factual findings), sentiment is neutral (appropriate for scientific reporting), time qualifiers are null as the passage provides no specific dates, context correctly specifies the comparison between injection routes, and the quote appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein is not cumulative in rabbit or dog cumulative effect
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    Caffein is not cumulative for the rabbit or dog
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage: 'Caffein is not cumulative for the rabbit or dog.' This sentence appears verbatim at the end of the first paragraph, making it fully supported without requiring any rewording or outside knowledge.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint is correctly attributed to Salant (the passage discusses Salant's findings throughout). The stance is appropriately 'asserts' as the passage presents this as a factual finding. The sentiment is neutral, matching the objective, scientific tone of the passage. The time qualifiers are correctly null since the passage provides no temporal scope. The context is appropriately empty as the claim is not restricted to a particular sense or role. The quote appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.

Zenetz

  • caffein is very slightly eliminated by kidneys ⟨human system⟩
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein is very slightly eliminated from the system by the kidneys
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage with a direct quote: 'Zenetz observed that caffein is very slightly eliminated from the system by the kidneys.' The subject, predicate, and object match the passage exactly, and the attribution to Zenetz is accurate.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. Viewpoint correctly attributes the claim to Zenetz as stated in the passage. Stance 'asserts' is appropriate as the passage presents this as Zenetz's observation without framing it as disputed at that point. Sentiment is neutral, matching the factual presentation. Time is correctly null as the passage provides no temporal specification. Context 'human system' is faithful to the passage's phrasing 'from the system' in the context of human organism studies. The quote is verbatim from the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein has cumulative action on heart
    assertsnegativesource: coffee-pg28500
    its action on the heart is cumulative
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage: 'Zenetz observed that caffein is very slightly eliminated from the system by the kidneys, and that its action on the heart is cumulative.' The quote provided matches the text exactly, and the attribution to Zenetz is accurate.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the claim to Zenetz as stated in the passage. The stance 'asserts' is appropriate as Zenetz makes this as a direct observation. The sentiment 'negative' aligns with the passage's framing in the context of contraindications in disease states. The time qualifiers are correctly null since the passage provides no temporal information. The context is appropriately empty as the passage does not restrict this claim to a particular sense or role. The quote 'its action on the heart is cumulative' appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein is contra-indicated in renal diseases
    assertsnegativesource: coffee-pg28500
    it is contra-indicated in all renal diseases
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. Zenetz's conclusion that caffein 'is contra-indicated in all renal diseases' is explicitly quoted in the text, making this a fully supported claim about Zenetz's assertion.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint is correctly attributed to Zenetz (referenced as [273]). The stance 'asserts' accurately reflects how the passage presents Zenetz's conclusion ('he concludes that...'). The sentiment 'negative' is appropriate given the medical warning context. The time is correctly null since the passage provides no temporal information. The context is appropriately empty as the passage does not restrict the claim to a specific sense. The quote 'it is contra-indicated in all renal diseases' appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.
  • caffein is contra-indicated in arterio-sclerosis
    assertsnegativesource: coffee-pg28500
    it is contra-indicated in all renal diseases, in arterio-sclerosis
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly supported by the passage. Zenetz's conclusion that caffein 'is contra-indicated in all renal diseases, in arterio-sclerosis, and in cardiac affections secondary to them' is explicitly quoted verbatim from the text.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the statement to Zenetz as the named source. The stance 'asserts' is appropriate as the passage states Zenetz 'concludes' this. The sentiment 'negative' is accurate given the contra-indication framing. Time qualifiers are correctly set to null as the passage provides no temporal scope. Context is appropriately empty as the passage does not restrict the claim to a particular sense or role. The quote appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim about caffein being contra-indicated in arterio-sclerosis.
  • caffein is contra-indicated in cardiac affections ⟨secondary to arterio-sclerosis and renal diseases⟩
    assertsnegativesource: coffee-pg28500
    it is contra-indicated in all renal diseases, in arterio-sclerosis, and in cardiac affections secondary to them
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly supported by the passage. The exact quote 'it is contra-indicated in all renal diseases, in arterio-sclerosis, and in cardiac affections secondary to them' is attributed to Zenetz's conclusions, matching the claim's subject, predicate, object, viewpoint, and context precisely.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint is correctly attributed to Zenetz[273], the stance is appropriately 'asserts' for a direct conclusion, sentiment is negative matching the contra-indication framing, time qualifiers are correctly null as no temporal information is provided, context accurately reflects the restriction to cardiac affections secondary to arterio-sclerosis and renal diseases, and the quote appears verbatim and directly supports the claim.

Pal

  • caffein stimulates certain branches of peripheral sympathetic peripheral sympathetic
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein stimulates certain branches of the peripheral sympathetic
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. The final sentence explicitly states that 'Pal concluded that caffein stimulates certain branches of the peripheral sympathetic,' which matches the claim exactly with proper attribution to Pal's viewpoint.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the finding to Pal (as stated: 'Pal concluded'). The stance 'asserts' accurately reflects the passage's framing of Pal's conclusion. Sentiment is neutral, which is appropriate for a scientific statement. Time qualifiers are correctly null since the passage provides no specific temporal information. Context is appropriately empty as the passage does not restrict the claim to a particular sense or period. The quote appears verbatim in the passage and supports the claim about caffein's stimulation of peripheral sympathetic branches.
  • caffein widens bronchi or removes bronchiospasm bronchiospasm
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein stimulates certain branches of the peripheral sympathetic and is thus enabled to widen the bronchi or remove bronchiospasm
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. Pal's conclusion explicitly states that 'caffein stimulates certain branches of the peripheral sympathetic and is thus enabled to widen the bronchi or remove bronchiospasm,' which directly supports the subject-predicate-object relationship presented in the claim.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. Viewpoint is correctly attributed to Pal as stated in the passage ('Pal concluded...'). Stance is accurately marked as 'asserts' reflecting how Pal's conclusion is presented. Sentiment is neutral, matching the scientific tone. Time qualifiers are correctly null as the passage provides no temporal scope. Context is appropriately empty as the passage does not restrict this claim to a specific sense or period. The quote is verbatim from the passage and directly supports the claim about caffein's mechanism and effect on bronchiospasm.

Salant and Reiger

  • caffein is more toxic in carnivora
    assertsnegativesource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein being much more toxic in the former class
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. The text explicitly states that Salant and Reiger found that 'resistance to caffein is inversely as demethylation, caffein being much more toxic in the former class' (referring to carnivora), which directly supports the assertion that caffein is more toxic in carnivora.
    • qualifier_fidelity 0.90 pass — The claim is nearly faithful to the passage. The viewpoint (Salant and Reiger), stance (asserts), sentiment (negative), time qualifiers (all null), and quote are all accurate and properly attributed. The passage explicitly states that Salant and Reiger 'found that larger amounts of caffein are demethylated in carnivora than in herbivora, and resistance to caffein is inversely as demethylation, caffein being much more toxic in the former class.' The only minor issue is that the context field is empty when it could clarify that 'carnivora' refers to carnivorous animals as a biological class, though this is a negligible omission since the context is reasonably clear from the passage itself.
  • carnivora demethylate caffein
    assertsneutralsource: coffee-pg28500
    larger amounts of caffein are demethylated in carnivora than in herbivora
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage. The text explicitly reports that Salant and Reiger 'found that larger amounts of caffein are demethylated in carnivora than in herbivora,' which directly supports the subject-predicate-object relationship that carnivora demethylate caffein.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the claim to Salant and Reiger as stated in the passage. The stance 'asserts' is appropriate as the passage presents this as a factual finding without dispute. The sentiment is neutral, matching the objective scientific reporting. The time qualifiers are all null, which is correct since the passage provides no temporal information. The context is empty, which is appropriate as the passage does not restrict this claim to a specific sense or context. The quote is verbatim from the passage and directly supports the claim.

Hollingworth

  • caffein is not deleterious when taken with food in moderate amount health ⟨taken with food in moderate amount⟩
    assertspositivesource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein, when taken with food in moderate amount is not in the least deleterious
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage as a quote from Hollingworth. The passage explicitly includes the exact statement: "caffein, when taken with food in moderate amount is not in the least deleterious," and attributes this viewpoint to Hollingworth with whom Prof. Prescott's report was said to be in entire agreement.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint is correctly attributed to Hollingworth (not the author or Prescott). The stance 'asserts' is appropriate as the passage presents this as Hollingworth's statement without dispute. The sentiment 'positive' correctly reflects the reassuring nature of the claim about safety. The time qualifiers are correctly null as the passage provides no temporal scope for Hollingworth's statement. The context 'taken with food in moderate amount' accurately reflects the passage's qualifier. The quote is verbatim from the passage and directly supports the claim.

S.C. Prescott

  • caffein is safe stimulant without harmful after-effects in moderate quantities coffee drinker ⟨moderate quantities consumed by average coffee drinker⟩
    assertspositivesource: coffee-pg28500
    caffein, the most characteristic principle of coffee, is, in the moderate quantities consumed by the average coffee drinker, a safe stimulant without harmful after-effects.
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly supported by the passage. The exact quote provided in the claim appears verbatim in the passage as part of the committee's statement regarding Professor Prescott's report, with all key elements (caffein, safe stimulant, no harmful after-effects, moderate quantities, average coffee drinker) explicitly stated.
    • qualifier_fidelity 1.00 pass — All qualifiers are faithful to the passage. The viewpoint correctly attributes the statement to S.C. Prescott (as named in the passage). The stance of 'asserts' is appropriate given the passage frames this as Prof. Prescott's stated findings. The sentiment 'positive' matches the passage's framing of caffein as 'safe' with 'no harmful after-effects.' The time is correctly set to null as the passage provides no specific temporal scope for the claim itself (only dates for when reports were made). The context accurately captures the passage's restriction to 'moderate quantities consumed by the average coffee drinker.' The quote appears verbatim in the passage and directly supports the claim.

minority

  • caffein is safe stimulant nerve cells
    assertspositivesource: coffee-pg28500
    the caffein content of coffee was a pure, safe stimulant that did not destroy the nerve cells
    judge verdicts (2)
    • groundedness 1.00 pass — The claim is directly stated in the passage: 'the caffein content of coffee was a pure, safe stimulant that did not destroy the nerve cells like such false stimulants as alcohol, morphine, etc.' The passage explicitly attributes this view to the minority and confirms that caffeine is presented as a safe stimulant that does not destroy nerve cells.
    • qualifier_fidelity 0.85 pass — The claim is mostly faithful to the passage. The quote is verbatim and accurate. The viewpoint correctly identifies this as a 'minority' perspective (passage: 'there were many people (but they were the minority) who knew'). The stance 'asserts' and sentiment 'positive' are appropriate. However, the 'perspective' structure conflates what should be distinct qualifiers: the passage attributes this claim to 'many people (the minority)', not an anonymous viewpoint. The claim should specify the viewpoint as 'many people' or 'minority' rather than just 'minority' as a stance category. The context is appropriately empty as the passage provides none. Time qualifiers are correctly null since no temporal scope is given.

Disagreements

is contra-indicated in …